The benefits of a bicameral legislature from "summary" of THE FEDERALIST PAPERS by ALEXANDER HAMILTON JOHN JAY JAMES MADISON
The establishment of two distinct bodies in the legislative department, each of them formed on a different principle, constitutes a double security to the people. These two bodies can be viewed as checks upon each other. By this arrangement, the benefits of reflection, as well as of variety in the modes of election, can be obtained. The first body may be considered as having more wisdom. It will be likely to consist of individuals chosen from the higher ranks of society, who will bring with them a greater extent of information and discernment. This body will also be more temperate and cautious, as they will possess a greater stake in the community. The second body, representing the mass of the people, will bring with it a larger share of the democratic spirit. It will be more susceptible to the impulses of the populace and will provide a necessary counterbalance to the aristocratic temper of the first body. This second body will act as a barrier against the schemes of ambition, more vigilant and more...
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