The concept of inflation in the early universe from "summary" of The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory by Brian Greene
The early universe was a seething cauldron of energy, teeming with particles and radiation. But amidst this tumultuous maelstrom, a profound and transformative process was at work - inflation. Inflation, a concept first proposed by physicist Alan Guth in 1980, suggests that the universe underwent a period of exponential expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang. This rapid expansion smoothed out the fabric of space-time, ironing out any wrinkles or irregularities that may have existed in the newborn universe. As the universe expanded at an astonishing rate, quantum fluctuations were stretched to cosmic scales, leaving an indelible imprint on the cosmic microwave background radiation - the afterglow of the Big Bang. This radiation, observed by astronomers today, serves as ...
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