Impact of British colonialism on India from "summary" of The Discovery of India by Jawaharlal Nehru
The British colonial rule in India has left a deep and lasting impact on the country. It has affected every aspect of Indian society, culture, economy, and politics. The British came to India as traders, but soon established political control over the country. They exploited India's resources, drained its wealth, and imposed their own laws and systems on the Indian people. One of the most significant impacts of British colonialism on India was the economic exploitation of the country. The British East India Company established a monopoly over trade in India and systematically dismantled the existing Indian industries to make way for British goods. This led to the deindustrialization of India and the impoverishment of millions of Indian workers and artisans. The British also imposed heavy taxes on the Indian people and forced them to grow cash crops like indigo, opium, and tea instead of food crops. This led to widespread famines in India, as the Indian peasants were unable to grow enough food to feed themselves. The British also imposed high tariffs on Indian goods, making it difficult for Indian industries to compete in the global market. The British colonial rule also had a profound impact on Indian society and culture. The British introduced Western education and values in India, which led to the emergence of a new class of Indian elites who were educated in Western ways. This created a divide between the traditional Indian culture and the new Westernized culture, leading to conflicts and tensions within Indian society. The British also introduced the concept of racial superiority in India, which led to the growth of racial prejudices and discrimination. The British considered themselves superior to the Indians and treated them as inferior beings. This had a lasting impact on the Indian psyche and has influenced the way Indians view themselves and others.- The impact of British colonialism on India has been far-reaching and profound. It has shaped the course of Indian history and has left a lasting legacy on the country. The economic, social, cultural, and political effects of British colonialism are still felt in India today, and continue to influence the way the country develops and grows.
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