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The empire faced economic challenges due to heavy taxation from "summary" of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire by Edward Gibbon

The empire, burdened with the cost of maintaining a vast military presence and supporting a luxurious lifestyle for the ruling elite, turned to heavy taxation as a means of generating revenue. Citizens were forced to bear the brunt of these taxes, leading to widespread discontent among the population. The heavy tax burden placed on the people had a detrimental effect on the economy, as individuals struggled to make ends meet and businesses faced financial hardships. As the tax burden increased, many citizens found themselves unable to pay their dues, leading to widespread tax evasion and corruption. This further strained the empire's financial resources, as the government struggled to collect the revenue needed to maintain its vast infrastructure and support its military campaigns. The heavy taxation also had a negative impact on trade and commerce, as merchants and traders found themselves unable to compete in the face of high taxes and dwindling profits. Furthermore, the heavy taxation imposed by the empire led to a decline in agricultural productivity, as farmers were unable to invest in their land or purchase the necessary tools and supplies needed for cultivation. This resulted in food shortages and famine in many regions, further exacerbating the economic challenges faced by the empire. The heavy tax burden also had a social impact, as many citizens were forced into poverty and destitution, leading to social unrest and civil unrest.
  1. The empire's reliance on heavy taxation as a means of generating revenue had a detrimental effect on its economy and society. The burden placed on the people led to widespread discontent, tax evasion, and corruption, further straining the empire's financial resources. The decline in agricultural productivity and trade further compounded the economic challenges faced by the empire, ultimately contributing to its decline and fall.
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The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

Edward Gibbon

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