Ethical duties are derived from rational principles from "summary" of THE CRITIQUE OF PRACTICAL REASON by Immanuel Kant
Ethical duties are not arbitrary or contingent, but are grounded in rational principles that are universal and necessary. According to Kant, morality is not based on subjective desires or external commands, but on the inherent rationality of human beings. It is through the exercise of practical reason that we are able to discern what is morally right and wrong. Kant argues that moral principles are derived from the categorical imperative, which is a universal law that applies to all rational beings. This imperative commands us to act in such a way tha...
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