Duty is the foundation of morality from "summary" of THE CRITIQUE OF PRACTICAL REASON by Immanuel Kant
In the realm of moral philosophy, duty stands as the cornerstone upon which the entire edifice of morality is built. It is through the concept of duty that we are able to establish a firm foundation for our ethical principles and guide our actions towards what is right and just. Duty, according to Kant, is not something that is contingent upon our personal desires or inclinations, but rather a universal and objective moral imperative that commands us to act in a certain way regardless of our individual circumstances or preferences. Kant argues that duty is the ultimate source of moral worth, as it is only through fulfilling our obligations and adhering to our duties that we can truly be considered virtuous individuals. He emphasizes the importance of acting out of a sense of duty rather than mere inclination, as it is only through acting in accordance with our moral obligations that we can demonstrate our commitment to the universal principles of morality. Furthermore, Kant asserts that duty is not subject to the fluctuations of personal opinion or societal norms, but rather an immutable and unchanging standard that transcends individual perspectives. He posits that our duties are derived from reason itself, and that it is through the exercise of our rational faculties that we are able to discern what is morally right and just.- Duty serves as a guiding principle that directs our actions towards the greater good and ensures that we uphold the principles of morality in all aspects of our lives. It is through fulfilling our duties that we are able to cultivate a sense of moral integrity and contribute to the well-being of society as a whole. Kant's emphasis on duty as the foundation of morality underscores the importance of acting in accordance with our moral obligations and upholding the universal principles of ethics in all our endeavors.
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