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Theories must be testable and falsifiable to be considered scientific from "summary" of The Art of the Soluble by P B Medawar,Taylor & Francis Group

The hallmark of the scientific method is its capacity for self-correction, and this self-corrective feature is founded on the principle that theories must be testable and potentially falsifiable. This requirement is not just a mere convention or a matter of personal preference; it is a fundamental criterion that distinguishes scientific theories from unscientific speculations. The demand for testability and falsifiability ensures that scientific theories are anchored in empirical evidence and subjected to rigorous scrutiny. A theory that cannot be tested or falsified is akin to a castle built on shifting sands - it may appear grand and imposing, but its foundations are inherently unstable. Without the ability to test a theory against observable phenomena or to potentially disprove it through empirical evidence, there is no way to verify its validity or reliability. In the absence of such empirical constraints, a theory can easily degenerate into mere conjecture or pseudoscience. The requirement for testability and falsifiability imp...
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    The Art of the Soluble

    P B Medawar

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