Relational databases store data in tables from "summary" of SQL and Relational Theory by C. Date
The fundamental concept of relational databases is that they store data in tables. Each table consists of rows and columns, with each row representing a particular record or entity, and each column representing a specific attribute or field of that entity. Tables are organized in such a way that they can be related to one another through common columns, known as keys. These keys establish relationships between tables, allowing for the retrieval of related data through queries. The relational model is based on mathematical set theory, with each table representing a relation, or set of tuples. Tuples are the individual rows within a table, each containing a unique combination of values for the attributes defined by the table's schema. By organizing data in this tabular format, relational databases provide a structured and efficient way to store and retrieve information. This structure allows for data integrity, consistency, and flexibility in managing complex relationships between different entities. In addition to tables, relational databases also use constraints, such as primary keys, foreign keys, and unique constraints, to enforce data integrity and maintain referential integrity between related tables. Constraints help ensure that data remains accurate and valid within the database.- The relational model's use of tables, keys, and constraints provides a solid foundation for organizing and managing data in a logical and efficient manner. This structured approach has made relational databases a popular choice for a wide range of applications, from simple data storage to complex business systems.
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