Moon influences tides from "summary" of Space Encyclopedia by David A. Aguilar,Christine Pulliam,Patricia Daniels
The gravitational pull of the Moon is the main force behind the tides on Earth. Because the Moon is much closer to our planet than any other celestial body, its gravitational influence is the strongest. As the Moon orbits Earth, its gravitational pull causes the oceans to bulge out in the direction of the Moon. There are two high tides and two low tides each day because Earth rotates on its axis. As a result, any given location on the planet passes through two tidal bulges in a 24-hour period. The high tides occur when a location is facing the Moon and when it is facing away from the Moon, while the low tides occur at right angles to these points. The Sun also influences the tides, although to a lesser extent than the Moon. When the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon are aligned (during a full moon or a new moon), the tides are more extreme, resulting in higher high tides and lower low tides. This phenomenon is known as spring tides. Conversely, when the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon are at right angles (during the first and last quarters of the moon), the tides are less extreme, resulting in lower high tides and higher low tides. This phenomenon is known as neap tides.- The relationship between the Moon and the tides is a complex dance of gravitational forces that shape the world's oceans. Without the Moon's influence, the tides as we know them would not exist, and the marine ecosystems that depend on them would be drastically different.
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