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Ingroup favoritism can lead to discrimination against out-groups from "summary" of Social Psychology by John R. Eiser,J. Richard Eiser
Ingroup favoritism, also known as in-group bias, refers to the tendency of individuals to favor and show preferential treatment towards members of their own group. This phenomenon is based on the idea of social identity theory, which suggests that people derive a sense of self-esteem and identity from the groups to which they belong. As a result, individuals are motivated to enhance the status and reputation of their ingroup in order to boost their own self-esteem. Ingroup favoritism can have a number of negative consequences, particularly for members of out-groups. One of the most significant repercussions is the potential for discrimination against out-groups. When individuals show favoritism towards their own group, they may be more likely to perceive members of out-groups as different or inferior. This can lead to negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory behavior towards individuals who are not part of the ingroup. Research has demonstrated that ingroup favoritism can lead to discrimination against out-groups in a variety of contexts. For example, studies have shown that people are more likely to allocate resources and opportunities to members of their own group, even at the expense of individuals from out-groups. Ingroup favoritism can also manifest in more subtle forms of discrimination, such as exclusion, microaggressions, and implicit biases against out-group members. The implications of ingroup favoritism for intergroup relations are significant. When individuals prioritize the interests of their own group over those of out-groups, it can perpetuate social divisions, reinforce stereotypes, and contribute to intergroup conflict. Ingroup favoritism can create a sense of "us vs. them" mentality that hinders cooperation and collaboration between different groups.- Ingroup favoritism can have far-reaching consequences for social behavior and intergroup relations. By understanding the psychological processes that underlie ingroup bias, researchers and practitioners can work towards reducing discrimination and promoting positive intergroup relations.
