Ingroup bias and outgroup derogation from "summary" of Social Identity, Intergroup Conflict, and Conflict Reduction by Richard D. Ashmore,Lee Jussim,David Wilder

Ingroup bias involves favoring members of one's own group and exhibiting more positive attitudes towards them, while demonstrating negative behavior towards others in outgroups.

The tendency to show ingroup bias and outgroup derogation is heavily influenced by culture and socialization processes, leading us to make prejudicial judgments about outgroups even if we don't realize it.

Outgroup derogation refers to the unconscious unfair or unfavorable treatment of members of an outgroup that can be in the form of anything from subtle avoidance or aggression to verbal insults or physical violence.

To reduce intergroup conflict it's important for people to become conscious of their biases and strive to work on being more open-minded to those who are different than they are.

Intergroup conflict arises when groups are competing for resources, power, or status and feel threatened by the perspectives and behaviors of other groups.

One way to do this is by changing the narrative surrounding outgroups - providing a counter-narrative to understand other perspectives without having to agree with them.

It's also beneficial to increase interaction between ingroups and outgroups through dialogues, education, and intentional intergroup contact.

We must also break down societal barriers which propagate negative stereotypes and make sure everyone has equal access to necessary resources and opportunities.

Empathy is key for understanding each other and creating an environment where everyone can express their individual identities without fear of judgment or derogation from either side.

Taking these steps will create mutual respect and understanding, promoting peace and harmony across all social networks.