Quantum computers operate using qubits, which can represent a 0, 1, or both simultaneously from "summary" of Quantum Supremacy by Michio Kaku
In the world of quantum computing, traditional bits are replaced by quantum bits, or qubits. Unlike classical bits, which can only represent either a 0 or a 1 at any given time, qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This unique property is known as superposition, allowing qubits to represent both 0 and 1 at the same time. Furthermore, qubits also exhibit a phenomenon called entanglement, where the state of one qubit can instantly affect the state of another, no matter the distance between them. This interconnectedness allows quantum computers to process information in a fundamentally different way than classical computers. The ability of qubits to exist in multiple states and be entangled with one another gives quantum computers an immense computational advantage over classical computers. By harnessing the power of superposition and entanglement, quantum computers can perform complex calculations at speeds that are simply unattainable with classical computers. In essence, quantum computers operate in a realm where the laws of classical physics no longer apply. By leveraging the principles of superposition and entanglement, quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize the fields of cryptography, drug discovery, materials science, and countless other areas where traditional computing falls short. The concept of qubits representing both 0 and 1 simultaneously is at the core of quantum supremacy, the idea that quantum computers will one day surpass the capabilities of classical computers. This shift in computational power has the potential to reshape our understanding of the universe and unlock new frontiers of scientific discovery.
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