Understand how to work with databases in Python from "summary" of Python For Dummies by Stef Maruch,Aahz Maruch
To work with databases in Python, you need to use a database interface module. Several such modules are available, including the Python standard module called DB-API. You can use DB-API to communicate with relational databases that support SQL (Structured Query Language). To use DB-API, you first import it, as you would with any other module in Python. Next, you establish a connection to the database by calling the `connect()` method of the module, passing it the necessary connection parameters, such as the database name, user name, password, and host. Once the connection is established, you create a cursor object by calling the `cursor()` method on the connection object. The cursor object is used to execute SQL statements and retrieve results from the database. To execute SQL statements, you call the `execute()` method on the cursor object, passing it the SQL statement as a string. You can also pass parameters to the SQL statement using placeholders and provide the parameter values as a separate argument to the `execute()` method. After executing a SELECT statement, you can retrieve the results using methods like `fetchone()`, `fetchall()`, or `fetchmany()` on the cursor object. To insert, update, or delete data in the database, you execute SQL statements using the `execute()` method on the cursor object. Remember to commit the transaction by calling the `commit()` method on the connection object after making changes to the database. Lastly, you should always close the cursor and the connection to release database resources by calling the `close()` method on these objects. This ensures that you don't leave any connections open unnecessarily, which could lead to performance issues or resource leaks. By following these steps, you can effectively work with databases in Python using the DB-API module.
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