Learn about file input and output in Python from "summary" of Python For Dummies by Stef Maruch,Aahz Maruch
File input and output is a crucial aspect of programming in Python. It allows you to read data from external sources such as files and write data to files. This capability is vital when working with large sets of data that need to be stored or processed. In Python, you can open a file using the `open()` function, which takes two arguments: the filename and the mode in which you want to open the file. When reading from a file, you can use the `read()` method to read the entire contents of the file into a single string. Alternatively, you can use the `readline()` method to read one line at a time. You can also loop over the file object to read each line individually. After you're done reading from a file, it's good practice to close the file using the `close()` method to free up system resources. When writing to a file, you can open the file in write mode using the `'w'` argument in the `open()` function. You can then use the `write()` method to write data to the file. If you want to append data to an existing file, you can open the file in append mode using the `'a'` argument. Remember to close the file after you're done writing to it. Python also provides a `with` statement that automatically closes the file for you once you're done with it. This helps prevent resource leaks and makes your code cleaner and more readable. The `with` statement ensures that the file is properly closed even if an error occurs while processing the file. In addition to reading and writing text files, Python also supports reading and writing binary files using modes like `'rb'` for reading binary data and `'wb'` for writing binary data. This is useful when working with non-text data such as images or audio files. By mastering file input and output in Python, you'll be able to manipulate external data efficiently and effectively in your programs.
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