The internal structures of the Earth can be inferred from seismic waves from "summary" of Physics 11 by British Columbia. Schools Department. Curriculum Development Branch
Seismic waves, generated by earthquakes and explosions, provide scientists with valuable information about the internal structures of the Earth. These waves travel through the Earth at different speeds and in different directions, depending on the materials they encounter. By analyzing the behavior of seismic waves, scientists can infer the composition and density of the Earth's layers.
There are two main types of seismic waves: body waves and surface waves. Body waves, which include primary (P) waves and secondary (S) waves, travel through the Earth's interior. P waves are compressional waves that travel faster than S waves and can pass through solids, liquids, and gases. S waves are transverse waves that can only travel through solids and are slower than P waves.
Body waves change speed and direction as they enc...
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