Molecular structure determination from "summary" of Physical Chemistry by Robert G. Mortimer
The determination of molecular structure is a fundamental objective in chemistry, as it provides important insights into the properties and behavior of chemical compounds. In order to determine the structure of a molecule, various experimental techniques are employed, each offering unique information about the arrangement of atoms within the molecule. One of the most common methods used to determine molecular structure is X-ray crystallography. In this technique, a crystal of the compound of interest is bombarded with X-rays, which are diffracted by the atoms in the crystal lattice. By analyzing the diffraction pattern, the positions of the atoms can be determined with high precision, allowing for the construction of a three-dimensional model of the molecule. Another important technique for molecular structure determination is nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In NMR spectroscopy, the nuclei of atoms within a molecule...
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