Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with triple bonds from "summary" of Organic Chemistry by John E. McMurry
Alkynes are a class of unsaturated hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. In comparison to alkanes and alkenes, alkynes contain fewer hydrogen atoms. The triple bond consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds, resulting in a linear geometry and sp hybridization of the carbon atoms involved in the bond. The presence of triple bonds in alkynes leads to distinctive chemical properties, including high reactivity towards addition reactions. The pi bonds in alkynes are relatively weak compared to sigma bonds, making them susceptible to attack by electrophiles. This reactivity allows alkynes to participate in a variety of transformations, such as hydrogenation, hydration, and halogenation. Additionally, alkynes exhibit acid...
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