Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens from "summary" of Objective Indian Polity General Studies Paper - 1 by M. Laxmikanth
Fundamental Rights are an essential part of the Indian Constitution as they guarantee certain freedoms to the citizens. These rights are considered fundamental because they are basic to the well-being and development of individuals. They are enforceable by the courts, meaning that if these rights are violated, citizens can approach the judiciary for redressal. The Fundamental Rights are enshrined in Part III of the Indian Constitution and include the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies. These rights are essential for the overall development and progress of individuals as they ensure that citizens are able to exercise their freedoms without any hindrance. On the other hand, Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations that are imposed on citizens for the betterment of society. These duties were added to the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. The idea behind Fundamental Duties is to remind citizens that while they enjoy certain rights, they also have responsibilities towards their nation. There are 11 Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A of the Constitution, which include respecting the national flag and anthem, promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all citizens, safeguarding public property, and striving towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity. These duties are considered essential for the maintenance of a democratic society and the well-being of the nation as a whole.- Fundamental Rights and Duties are two sides of the same coin. While Fundamental Rights ensure that citizens have certain freedoms and protections, Fundamental Duties remind citizens of their responsibilities towards society and the nation. It is essential for citizens to uphold both their rights and duties in order to contribute towards the overall progress and development of the country.
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