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Emergency provisions from "summary" of Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth
Emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution are a set of special powers that can be invoked by the President of India under specific circumstances. These provisions are outlined in Part XVIII of the Constitution, which deals with emergency provisions. There are three types of emergencies that can be declared: national emergency, state emergency, and financial emergency. A national emergency can be declared in the event of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion. This gives the central government the authority to take over the powers of the states and suspend some fundamental rights. The President must be satisfied that a grave emergency exists before declaring a national emergency, and the proclamation must be approved by Parliament within one month. A state emergency, also known as President's Rule, can be declared when the constitutional machinery in a state breaks down. This can happen due to reasons such as failure of the state government to function according to the Constitution or if the state leg...
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