Panchayati Raj from "summary" of Indian Polity and Constitution Book by Mocktime Publication
Panchayati Raj is a system of local self-government in India. It aims to decentralize power and ensure grassroots democracy. The concept was introduced to empower rural communities and promote participatory decision-making at the local level. Panchayati Raj institutions are responsible for governing village-level affairs and implementing rural development programs. The roots of Panchayati Raj can be traced back to ancient India, where village councils played a crucial role in local governance. The modern Panchayati Raj system was formalized through the 73rd Amendment to the Indian Constitution in 1992. This constitutional amendment mandated the establishment of Panchayati Raj institutions in every state. The Panchayati Raj system consists of three tiers: the Gram Panchayat at the village level, the Panchayat Samiti at the block level, and the Zila Parishad at the district level. Each tier has its own set of functions and responsibilities. The Gram Panchayat is the basic unit of Panchayati Raj and is responsible for local governance in the village. Panchayati Raj institutions are elected bodies, with members representing various wards or constituencies within their jurisdiction. Elections are held regularly to ensure democratic representation and accountability. The chairperson of each Panchayati Raj institution is also elected by its members. The functions of Panchayati Raj institutions include implementing rural development schemes, managing local resources, and resolving disputes at the village level. They also play a crucial role in promoting social justice, gender equality, and sustainable development in rural areas. Panchayati Raj institutions have been successful in empowering marginalized communities and promoting inclusive growth.- Panchayati Raj is an important mechanism for decentralizing power and promoting grassroots democracy in India. It has the potential to strengthen local governance, improve service delivery, and enhance citizen participation in decision-making. By empowering rural communities and fostering local leadership, Panchayati Raj can contribute to the overall development of the country.
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