Federal system from "summary" of Indian Polity and Constitution Book by Mocktime Publication
A federal system is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units or states. In this system, both the central government and the state governments have their own separate spheres of authority, and neither one has exclusive control over the entire governing process. The division of powers between the central government and the state governments is usually outlined in a written constitution. The constitution specifies which powers are to be exercised by the central government, which powers are to be exercised by the state governments, and which powers are shared between the two. In a federal system, the central government is responsible for handling national issues such as defense, foreign policy, and currency. The state governments, on the other hand, are responsible for handling local issues such as education, healthcare, and transportation. This division of powers helps to ensure that decisions are made at the appropriate level of government, thus allowing for more efficient and effective governance. One of the key features of a federal system is that the powers of the central government and the state governments are clearly defined and protected by the constitution. This helps to prevent either level of government from encroaching on the powers of the other, thus maintaining a balance of power between the two. Another important feature of a federal system is that the central government and the state governments are independent of each other. This means that each level of government has its own sources of revenue, its own administrative structure, and its own set of responsibilities. This independence helps to prevent undue interference from one level of government in the affairs of the other.- A federal system is designed to promote a balance of power between the central government and the state governments, allowing for effective governance at both levels. By clearly defining the division of powers and protecting the independence of each level of government, a federal system helps to ensure that decisions are made at the appropriate level and that the interests of both the nation as a whole and the individual states are taken into account.
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