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The Indian armed forces have faced numerous challenges over the years from "summary" of India's Wars by Arjun Subramaniam

The Indian armed forces have been confronted with a multitude of obstacles and adversities throughout their existence. From the early years of independence to the present day, these challenges have tested the mettle and resilience of the men and women in uniform. One of the primary challenges faced by the Indian armed forces has been the constant threat of external aggression from hostile neighbors. The wars with Pakistan in 1947-48, 1965, and 1971, as well as the conflict with China in 1962, are stark reminders of the ever-present danger that looms on the country's borders. In addition to external threats, the armed forces have also had to contend with internal security challenges, such as insurgencies in various parts of the country. The conflicts in Jammu and Kashmir, the Northeast, and more recently in central India, have required the military to adapt to unconventional forms of warfare and counter-insurg...
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    India's Wars

    Arjun Subramaniam

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