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Round Table Conferences from "summary" of India's Struggle for Independence by Bipan Chandra,Mridula Mukherjee,Aditya Mukherjee,K N Panikkar,Sucheta Mahajan
The Round Table Conferences were a series of meetings held in London between 1930 and 1932. Their purpose was to discuss constitutional reforms in India and to try to find a way to accommodate the demands of various Indian political groups and communities. The first Round Table Conference took place in November 1930. The Indian National Congress, which had boycotted the Simon Commission, participated in this conference. However, the discussions were marred by disagreements between the Congress and the British government over the issue of separate electorates for minorities. The second Round Table Conference was held in September 1931. This time, the Congress boycotted the conference as a protest against the repression of the civil disobedience movement. The Muslim League, on the other hand, participated actively in the conference and pressed for its demands for separate electorates. The third Round Table Conference took place in November 1932. This conference was attended by a wider range of Indian political groups, including representatives of the depressed classes and the princely states. However, the Congress remained aloof from the conference, as it was unhappy with the British government's refusal to release political prisoners. The Round Table Conferences did not achieve their objective of finding a solution to the Indian constitutional problem. The principal reason for their failure was the inability of the British government and Indian political groups to reach a consensus on key issues such as separate electorates and the future political structure of India. Despite their failure, the Round Table Conferences played a significant role in shaping the course of India's struggle for independence. They provided a platform for Indian political leaders to put forward their demands and grievances and helped to raise awareness about the need for self-government in India.
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