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Partition of Bengal from "summary" of India's Struggle for Independence by Bipan Chandra,Mridula Mukherjee,Aditya Mukherjee,K N Panikkar,Sucheta Mahajan
The Partition of Bengal in 1905 was a significant event in the history of India's struggle for independence. It was a decision taken by the British colonial rulers to divide the province of Bengal into two parts - East Bengal and Assam on one side, and West Bengal on the other. The main reason behind this partition was to weaken the growing nationalist movement in Bengal which was seen as a major threat to British rule. The partition was met with widespread protests and opposition from the Indian National Congress, the Indian Nationalist Movement, and the people of Bengal. The Swadeshi Movement, which called for the boycott of British goods and the promotion of Indian goods, gained momentum in response to the partition. This movement was led by prominent leaders like Surendranath Banerjea, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Aurobindo Ghosh. The partition also led to communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims in Bengal. The British government's policy of divide and rule further exacerbated these tensions, leading to riots and violence in the region. The Muslim League, which was still in its early stages at that time, supported the partition as it saw it as an opportunity to gain political power for Muslims in the region. The anti-partition movement in Bengal was a united struggle against British imperialism and communalism. It brought together people from different religious and social backgrounds in a common cause. The partition was eventually revoked in 1911 due to the pressure of the nationalist movement and the failure of the British government to achieve its objectives. The Partition of Bengal served as a catalyst for the growth of the Indian Nationalist Movement and the demand for self-rule. It highlighted the oppressive nature of British colonial rule and the need for unity among the Indian people to fight for their rights and freedom. The legacy of the anti-partition movement in Bengal continued to inspire future generations of freedom fighters in India's struggle for independence.
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