Freedom is necessary for moral responsibility from "summary" of Immanuel Kant: Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics by Immanuel Kant
According to Kant, the concept of freedom is essential for moral responsibility. He argues that in order for individuals to be held accountable for their actions, they must possess the freedom to choose between right and wrong. Without freedom, moral responsibility becomes meaningless, as individuals would simply be acting in accordance with predetermined laws of nature. Kant distinguishes between two types of freedom: empirical freedom, which is the ability to act according to one's desires, and transcendental freedom, which is the ability to act according to moral law. While empirical freedom is limited by external factors such as physical constraints, transcendental freedom is the true source of moral responsibility. It is the ability to act autonomously, in accordance with moral principles,...
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