Climate affects societal success from "summary" of Guns Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond
The environment in which a society exists plays a fundamental role in determining its success or failure. The climate, in particular, has a significant impact on the development of societies. Different regions of the world have different climates, which can either facilitate or hinder the growth of civilizations. Regions with favorable climates, such as temperate zones, tend to be more conducive to the development of agriculture. This allows societies to produce surplus food, which can support a larger population and enable the division of labor. In contrast, regions with harsh climates, such as deserts or polar regions, may present challenges for agriculture and limit the potential for societal growth. The availability of domesticable plants and animals also varies depending on climate. In regions where certain crops can be easily cultivated and livestock can be raised, societies have the opportunity to establish settled communities and develop complex societies. On the other hand, regions with limited domesticable species may struggle to sustain large populations and are less likely to progress beyond a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. Climate can also influence the diffusion of technology and ideas between societies. In regions with similar climates, it is easier for people to interact and exchange knowledge. This can lead to the spread of innovations and advancements, which can contribute to the success of societies in those regions. Conversely, regions with vastly different climates may have limited contact with one another, hindering the exchange of ideas and hindering progress.- The impact of climate on societal success is profound and multifaceted. It shapes the way in which societies develop, thrive, or decline over time. By understanding the influence of climate on societal outcomes, we can gain insights into the factors that have shaped the course of human history.
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