Working principles of diodes from "summary" of Electronics - Circuits and Systems by Owen Bishop
The working principles of diodes are fundamental to understanding their function in electronic circuits. A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow in one direction while blocking it in the opposite direction. This behavior is a result of the diode's asymmetric structure, which consists of a P-type semiconductor material and an N-type semiconductor material. When a voltage is applied across a diode in the forward bias direction (positive voltage on the P-type material and negative voltage on the N-type material), the diode conducts current easily due to the majority carriers in each semiconductor region. In the P-type material, majority carriers are holes, while in the N-type material, they are electrons. These carriers flow towards the junction between the two regions, w...
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