Logic gates and their operations from "summary" of Electronics - Circuits and Systems by Owen Bishop
Logic gates are fundamental building blocks of digital electronic circuits. They are devices that perform logical operations on one or more binary inputs to produce a single binary output. The most common logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT gates. These gates take one or more binary inputs and produce a single binary output based on predefined logical operations. The AND gate produces a high output only when all of its inputs are high. It can be thought of as a multiplication operation, where the output is true only if all inputs are true. The OR gate produces a high output if any of its inputs are high. It can be thought of as an addition operation, where the output is true if at least one input is true. The NOT gate, also known as an inverter, produces the opposite of its input. Logic gates can be combined in various ways to create more complex logic functions. For example, the combination of AND, OR, and NOT gates can be used to create any Boolean function. Logic gates can also be cascaded together to perform more complex operations. In addition to the basic logic gates, there are also more advanced logic gates such as NAND and NOR gates. These gates are functionally complete, meaning that any logical operation can be constructed using just these gates. NAND gates are essentially AND gates followed by a NOT gate, while NOR gates are essentially OR gates followed by a NOT gate. Understanding the operation of logic gates is essential for designing and troubleshooting digital electronic circuits. By combining different logic gates in various configurations, engineers can create complex digital systems that perform a wide range of functions. Logic gates are the foundation of modern digital electronics, and a solid understanding of their operation is crucial for anyone working in the field.
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