Collapse of Harappan civilization led to scattering of population from "summary" of Early Indians by Tony Joseph
The collapse of the Harappan civilization around 1900 BCE was not a singular event that wiped out an entire population all at once. Instead, it was a slow and gradual process that led to the scattering of people in different directions. As the cities and towns of the Indus Valley began to decline, the residents would have had to find new places to live and new ways to sustain themselves. Some of the population may have migrated towards the east, towards regions such as the Ganges plain and the Deccan plateau. Others may have moved towards the south, into present-day Gujarat and Maharashtra. Some might have even ventured west, towards what is now Afghanistan and Iran. This movement of people away from the urban centers of the Harappan civilization would have been driven by a combination of factors such as economic hardships, environmental changes, and possibly even invasions by outside groups. The scattering of the population from the Indus Valley region meant that the once-thriving cities and towns were left abandoned, their buildings crumbling and their streets ...
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