Understand the differences between positive and negative reinforcement from "summary" of Don't Shoot the Dog! by Karen Pryor
Positive reinforcement means that something is added to the situation, whereas negative reinforcement means that something is taken away. Both types of reinforcement increase the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future. Positive reinforcement involves adding a pleasant stimulus after a behavior, making it more likely that the behavior will happen again. Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, involves removing an unpleasant stimulus after a behavior, also making it more likely that the behavior will be repeated. Positive reinforcement is often more effective than negative reinforcement because it is more pleasant and motivating for the individual. Positive reinforcement creates a feeling of success and achievement, which encourages the individual to continue performing the desired behavior. In contrast, negative reinforcement can create feelings of fear or avoidance, which may not be as sustainable in the long run. It is important to understand the differences between positive and negative reinforcement in order to effectively shape behavior. Positive reinforcement focuses on rewarding good behavior, while negative reinforcement focuses on removing negative consequences. By using positive reinforcement, you can create a positive and rewarding environment that encourages the individual to engage in desired behaviors. In contrast, negative reinforcement may lead to temporary compliance out of fear or avoidance of punishment. Negative reinforcement can also create feelings of resentment or resistance, which may result in backlash behaviors. By understanding the differences between positive and negative reinforcement, you can choose the most appropriate method to shape behavior and create a positive learning environment.
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