Network layer protocols route data between devices from "summary" of Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A. Forouzan
The network layer is responsible for routing data between devices in a network. This layer uses network layer protocols to accomplish this task. These protocols determine how data packets are routed from the source device to the destination device. When a device wants to send data to another device on the network, it first breaks the data into smaller packets. These packets contain the necessary information such as the source and destination addresses. The network layer protocol then adds a header to each packet that includes the destination address. Once the packets are ready, the network layer protocol determines the best path for the packets to reach their destination. This process involves examining the destination address in the packet header and consulting the network routing table to find the appropriate route. The network routing table contains information about the network topology and the available paths to different destinations. Based on this information, the network layer protocol chooses the most efficient route for the data packets. This route may involve passing through multiple intermediate devices before reaching the final destination. As the data packets travel through the network, each intermediate device uses the network layer protocol to inspect the destination address and forward the packets to the next hop in the route. This process continues until the packets reach the destination device.- Network layer protocols play a crucial role in routing data between devices in a network. By determining the best path for data packets to travel, these protocols ensure efficient and reliable communication between devices.
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