Modern Turkey from "summary" of Constantinople by Philip Mansel
The concept of modern Turkey is a complex one, shaped by a multitude of factors ranging from historical events to political ideologies. In the aftermath of World War I and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Turkey underwent a period of profound transformation under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Atatürk's vision for Turkey was one of modernization and secularization, aimed at breaking away from the religious and imperial past of the Ottoman Empire.
Atatürk's reforms were far-reaching and radical, encompassing changes to the political, social, and cultural fabric of Turkish society. The adoption of a new alphabet, the abolition of the caliphate, the introduction of secularism, and the establishment of a parliamentary system were just some of the measures implemented by Atatürk to...
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