Strategic groups within an industry affect competition levels from "summary" of Competitive Strategy by Michael E. Porter
In any industry, competition is not uniform across all companies. Instead, firms tend to form distinct groups based on their strategic choices, capabilities, and market positions. These strategic groups within an industry have a significant impact on competition levels. Companies within the same strategic group often compete more directly with one another than with companies in other groups. This is because they offer similar products or services, target the same customer segments, and utilize comparable strategies to gain a competitive advantage. As a result, firms within the same strategic group are more likely to engage in intense rivalry to capture market share and achieve superior performance.
On the other hand, companies in different strategic groups face less direct competition. They may serve different customer needs, operate in separate geographic regions, or pursue distinct business models. As a result, firms in different strategic groups are less likely to compete head-to-head and may focus on carving out their unique positions in the market.
The presence of strategic groups within an industry can also influence the overall competitive dynamics. For example, the rivalry within a strategic group may be more intense than the rivalry between groups, leading to price wars, aggressive marketing tactics, and innovation races. This can create a high-stakes environment where companies must continuously strive to outperform their rivals to survive and thrive.
Furthermore, the boundaries between strategic groups are not fixed and can shift over time due to changes in market conditions, technological advancements, or shifts in customer preferences. As firms adapt to these changes, they may move between strategic groups or redefine the boundaries of existing groups. This dynamic nature of strategic groups adds complexity to the competitive landscape and requires companies to stay agile and responsive to emerging threats and opportunities.
In summary, strategic groups within an industry play a crucial role in shaping competition levels. By understanding the dynamics of these groups and positioning themselves strategically within them, companies can better navigate the competitive landscape, differentiate themselves from rivals, and sustain a competitive advantage over the long term.
