The city of man is governed by earthly laws and authorities from "summary" of City of God by Saint Augustine (of Hippo)
The city of man, which consists of all earthly societies and governments, is subject to the laws and authorities established by human beings. These laws are created to regulate human behavior, maintain order, and promote justice within the city. They are enforced by earthly authorities such as kings, magistrates, and rulers who are appointed to govern the people and administer justice. These earthly laws are necessary for the functioning of society and the preservation of peace and order. They govern various aspects of human life, including social, political, economic, and moral matters. They provide guidelines for how individuals should interact with one another and what is considered acceptable or unacceptable behavior within the city. The authority of earthly laws and rulers extends only to the physical realm and does not have jurisdiction over spiritual matters or the eternal destiny of individuals. They can punish crimes and enforce justice in this world, but they cannot save souls or determine the ultimate fate of humanity. This limitation highlights the distinction between the city of man and the city of God, which are governed by different principles and laws. While earthly laws are important for maintaining order and justice in the city of man, they are not infallible or perfect. They are created by fallible human beings who are prone to error and corruption. As a result, they can be unjust, oppressive, or ineffective in certain circumstances. This imperfection underscores the need for a higher standard of justice and morality that transcends human laws and authorities. In contrast to the city of man, the city of God is governed by divine laws and authorities that are based on eternal truths and principles. These laws are revealed in sacred scriptures and teachings that guide believers in their spiritual journey and moral conduct. They provide a higher standard of justice, love, and righteousness that transcends the limitations of earthly laws and authorities.- Each with its own set of laws and authorities. While earthly laws are necessary for the functioning of society, they are ultimately subordinate to divine laws and the will of God. It is important for individuals to recognize this distinction and strive to live according to the higher principles of justice, love, and truth that govern the city of God.
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