Oxidation is the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons from "summary" of Chemistry Simplified NCERT Class 11 by Sanjay Sharma
Oxidation and reduction are two fundamental processes in chemistry that involve the transfer of electrons between atoms or molecules. In oxidation, a substance loses electrons, while in reduction, a substance gains electrons. These processes are always coupled, meaning that when one substance is oxidized, another substance must be reduced. This is known as a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, the substance that is oxidized is called the reducing agent, while the substance that is reduced is called the oxidizing agent. The reducing agent is the one that donates electrons, causing another substance to be reduced, while the oxidizing agent is the one that accepts electrons, causing another substance to be oxidized. The concept of oxidation and reduction can be understood by looking at the changes in oxidation states of the atoms or molecules involved. In oxidation, the oxidation state of an atom increases, indicating that it has lost electrons. In reduction, the oxidation state of an atom decreases, indicating that it has gained electrons. It is important to note that oxidation and reduction are not isolated events, but rather occur simultaneously in a redox reaction. The transfer of electrons from the reducing agent to the oxidizing agent allows for the conservation of charge, ensuring that the overall charge of the system remains balanced.- Oxidation and reduction are essential processes in chemistry that play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and biological processes. Understanding these concepts is key to comprehending the behavior of substances in nature and the laboratory.
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