Chemical equilibrium is when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal from "summary" of Chemistry Simplified NCERT Class 11 by Sanjay Sharma
Chemical equilibrium occurs when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions in a chemical system are equal. This means that the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant over time. In simpler terms, it is like a tug-of-war between the forward and reverse reactions, where neither side is winning. When a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium, it does not mean that the reaction has stopped. Rather, it means that the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. This dynamic state of balance allows the reaction to continue while maintaining constant concentrations of reactants and products. At equilibrium, the concentrations of the reactants and products do not have to be equal. Instead, they are stable and remain unchanged as long as the conditions of the system remain constant. This is why chemical equilibrium is often represented by a double arrow, indicating that the reaction is reversible and can proceed in both directions. It is important to note that achieving equilibrium does not mean that the reaction has stopped or reached completion. Instead, it signifies a state of balance where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. This delicate balance is maintained by the continuous interconversion of reactants and products, allowing the reaction to proceed while keeping the concentrations constant.
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