Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are basic types of hydrocarbons from "summary" of Chemistry by Russell Kuhtz
Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are classified as basic types of hydrocarbons. These compounds are composed solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms, with varying degrees of saturation in their chemical structures. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. This results in a straight or branched chain structure, with each carbon atom bonded to four other atoms. Examples of alkanes include methane, ethane, and propane. These compounds are relatively stable and unreactive due to the strong sigma bonds between carbon atoms. On the other hand, alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. This double bond introduces a degree of reactivity into the molecule, allowing for addition reactions to occur. Alkenes can undergo processes such as hydrogenation, halogenation, and hydration to form different products. Examples of alkenes include ethylene and propylene, which are important precursor...
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