Grasp the basics of networking and sockets from "summary" of C/C++ Programmer's Reference by Herbert Schildt
To communicate over a network, computers use a software interface known as a socket. A socket is an endpoint for sending or receiving data. It acts as a communication channel between two computers. In networking, sockets are a fundamental concept that programmers must understand. In C/C++, sockets are implemented through a set of functions and data structures that allow for network communication. By manipulating these structures and functions, developers can create powerful networked applications. Understanding how sockets work is crucial for building applications that communicate over networks. When working with sockets in C/C++, the programmer must first create a socket object using the `socket()` function. This function initializes a new socket and returns a file descriptor that can be used in subsequent operations. Once the socket is created, the programmer can then set various options and parameters using functions like `bind()` and `connect()`. The `bind()` function associates a socket with a specific address and port, while `connect()` establishes a connection to a remote socket. After the connection is established, data can be sent and received using functions like `send()` and `recv()`. These functions allow for the transmission of data over the network. In addition to sending and receiving data, sockets can also be used for error handling and connection management. Functions like `listen()` and `accept()` are used to handle incoming connections, while `close()` is used to release the socket when communication is complete.- Understanding the basics of networking and sockets is essential for C/C++ programmers who wish to develop networked applications. By mastering these concepts, developers can create robust and efficient software that communicates over networks effectively.
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