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Rise of ISIS influenced by US invasion of Iraq from "summary" of Black Flags by Joby Warrick

The rise of ISIS was not an inevitable consequence of the U. S. invasion of Iraq, but it was influenced by a series of events that followed. The power vacuum created by the removal of Saddam Hussein's regime allowed for the emergence of extremist groups like al-Qaeda in Iraq, which eventually morphed into ISIS. The heavy-handed tactics used by the U. S. military during the occupation further fueled resentment and provided recruitment opportunities for jihadist groups. The U. S. invasion also inadvertently contributed to the radicalization of Sunni Muslims in Iraq who felt marginalized by the new Shia-dominated government. The de-Baathification policies implemented by the U. S. disbanded the Iraqi army and government institutions, leaving many Sunnis without jobs or a sense of belonging in post-invasion Iraq. This sense of disenfranchisement pushed some Sunnis towards extremist groups that promised to restore their power and influence. The U. S. military's reliance on Shia militias to combat Sunni insurgents also exacerbated sectarian tensions in Iraq. The brutal tactics employed by these militias, often with the tacit approval of U. S. forces, alienated Sunni communities and drove them further into the arms of extremist groups like ISIS. The U. S. decision to disband the Iraqi army without a plan for reintegration or demobilization also provided a ready pool of trained soldiers who could be co-opted by extremist groups. Furthermore, the U. S. government's failure to adequately plan for the post-invasion reconstruction of Iraq created a power vacuum that allowed for the unchecked growth of extremist groups. The lack of basic services, security, and governance in many parts of the country created fertile ground for jihadist groups to exploit and establish their own rule. The chaos and lawlessness that ensued after the invasion provided the perfect breeding ground for groups like ISIS to thrive and expand their influence.
  1. While the U. S. invasion of Iraq may not have directly led to the rise of ISIS, it certainly created a set of conditions that allowed for the emergence and growth of the extremist group. The unintended consequences of the invasion, including the power vacuum, sectarian tensions, and lack of post-war planning, all played a role in shaping the environment in which ISIS was able to rise to power.
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Black Flags

Joby Warrick

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