Head, neck and brain anatomy from "summary" of Bd Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Volumes 3 & 4 by B. D. Chaurasia
This topic covers an in-depth analysis of the anatomy of the head, neck and brain. It provides detailed information about the structure and function of the various organs that make up these three parts of the body. It is a valuable resource for anyone looking to gain greater understanding of the anatomy of these areas.- The brain and the spinal cord are responsible for the control and coordination of body movements of all the muscular tissues in the body. The skull houses and protects the brain while the neck organs include muscles, arteries, and veins that connect the head to the torso.
- One of the key structures of the neck and base of the skull is the pharynx that connects the digestive tracts to the respiratory system and plays an important role in airway protection. It is covered by a lining of mucous membrane and is composed of several Thymus gland.
- The carotid artery is another significant anatomical part of the neck that receives oxygenated blood from the heart and supplies it to the brain. It is accompanied by two internal jugular veins that return the de-oxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart.
- The hyoid bone is an unpaired bone located at the laryngeal inlet and serves as a scaffold for many different muscle attachments in the neck and tongue. It is closely connected to the temporomandibular joint, sternocleidomastoid muscle, and thyroid cartilage.
- On either side of the neck, there lie the parathyroid glands which are a pair of small endocrine glands and help to maintain the proper balance of calcium and phosphorus in the human body. It secretes hormones like Parathormone (PTH. and Calcitonin(CT..
- The vertebral column consists of 24 vertebrae and 8 pairs of cervical nerves which provide motor and sensory innervations from the brain down to the spinal cord. In addition, it also provides support for the head and maintains fracture stability of the spine.
- The atlas,axis around axial skeleton and sphenoid bones are encompassed of sutures to firmly keep the jawbone in place. It also plays a key role in articulation, eye movement as well as aids in maintaining a proper balance between the upper and lower portions of the head.
- Situated near the occipital bone, the occipital lobe is mainly involved with visual processing as well as the detection of color, pattern recognition, movement, depth, orientation and location of objects in space. It is the largest area of the brain that controls the five senses of smell, hearing, vision, taste, and touch.
