Femoral nerve innervates muscles of the anterior thigh from "summary" of Bd Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Volumes 3 & 4 by B. D. Chaurasia
The femoral nerve emerges from the lumbar plexus and supplies various muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh. It is one of the major nerves of the lower limb responsible for motor and sensory functions. The femoral nerve arises from the posterior division of the lumbar plexus, specifically from the ventral rami of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. As it descends in the thigh, the femoral nerve gives off branches to innervate the skin on the anterior and medial aspects of the thigh. These branches provide sensory information to the skin in those regions. The motor branches of the femoral nerve supply the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh, including the quadriceps femoris muscle group. The quadriceps femoris muscle group consists of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles are responsible for extending the knee joint and are essential for activities such as walking, running, and climbing stairs. The femoral nerve provides the necessary innervation to ensure proper functioning of these muscles. In addition to the quadriceps femoris muscle group, the femoral nerve also innervates the sartorius muscle. The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body and plays a crucial role in flexing, abducting, and laterally rotating the hip joint. It also helps in flexing the knee joint. The femoral nerve supplies motor fibers to the sartorius muscle to enable these movements.- The femoral nerve plays a vital role in the motor function of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh. By innervating muscles such as the quadriceps femoris group and the sartorius muscle, the femoral nerve ensures proper movement and coordination of the lower limb. Understanding the innervation pattern of the femoral nerve is essential for comprehending the functionality of the anterior thigh muscles in human anatomy.
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