Participles and gerunds are verb forms used as adjectives or nouns from "summary" of Basic English Grammar For Dummies - UK by Geraldine Woods
Participles and gerunds can function as adjectives or nouns in a sentence. When used as adjectives, participles describe nouns or pronouns. For example, in the phrase "the crying baby," the participle "crying" describes the noun "baby." Gerunds, on the other hand, are verbs that function as nouns. They can be used as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence. For instance, in the sentence "Swimming is her favorite hobby," the gerund "swimming" is the subject of the sentence. Participles and gerunds can also be used in phrases to provide additional information about a noun or pronoun. These phrases are called participial phrases or gerund phrases. Participial phrases consist of a participle and any accompanying words, while gerund phrases consist of a gerund and a...
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