Basic structure from "summary" of A Theory of Justice, Revised Edition by John Rawls,Professor John Rawls
The basic structure of society comprises the main political and social institutions that shape the fundamental rights and duties of its citizens. These institutions include the constitution, the legal system, the economy, and the distribution of wealth and income. The basic structure is of paramount importance because it establishes the framework within which individuals can pursue their own goals and interests. The principles that govern the basic structure must be fair and just, ensuring that all individuals have equal opportunities to lead fulfilling lives. These principles should reflect the core values of a democratic society, such as liberty, equality, and fairness. By creating a just basic structure, society can promote the well-being of all its members and enable them to cooperate and live together harmoniously. A just basic structure should provide a level playing field for all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances. It should not favor any particular group or individual, but rather treat everyone with equal consideration and respect. This requires that the rules and institutions of society be designed in a way that promotes the common good and protects the interests of the most vulnerable members of society. The basic structure also plays a crucial role in determining the distribution of resources and opportunities within society. It should ensure that wealth and income are distributed in a fair and equitable manner, taking into account the needs and interests of all individuals. By promoting a more equal distribution of resources, the basic structure can help to reduce inequality and improve the overall well-being of society as a whole.- The basic structure of society is a key determinant of its overall fairness and justice. By establishing principles that govern the main political and social institutions, society can create a framework that promotes the well-being and equality of all its members. A just basic structure is essential for ensuring that individuals have equal opportunities to pursue their goals and interests, and for creating a more harmonious and cooperative society.
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