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The Indian National Movement led to independence in 1947 from "summary" of A History of India by Romila Thapar

The Indian National Movement, a significant phase in the history of India, played a crucial role in the country's journey towards independence. It was a period marked by widespread social, political, and economic transformations that ultimately led to the end of British colonial rule in 1947. The movement was a collective effort by various groups and individuals who shared a common goal of achieving self-rule and independence for India. It brought together people from different backgrounds, including politicians, activists, intellectuals, and ordinary citizens, who all contributed in their own ways to the cause. One of the key features of the Indian National Movement was its emphasis on non-violent resistance and civil disobedience. Influenced by the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi, who advocated for peaceful protests and non-cooperation with the British authorities, the movement gained widespread support and momentum across the country. The Indian National Movement also witnessed the emergence of various political parties and organizations that played a crucial role in mobilizing the masses and coordinating efforts towards the common goal of independence. Leaders such as Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel rose to prominence during this period and provided strong leadership to the movement. Throughout its course, the Indian National Movement faced numerous challenges and obstacles, including repressive measures by the British government, internal divisions within the movement, and economic hardships caused by colonial policies. Despite these challenges, the movement persevered and continued to grow in strength and resilience. The culmination of the Indian National Movement came in 1947 when India finally achieved independence from British rule. The long and arduous struggle of the movement had finally paid off, and the country embarked on a new journey as a free and sovereign nation. The legacy of the movement continues to inspire generations of Indians and remains a pivotal chapter in the history of the country.
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    A History of India

    Romila Thapar

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