The Green Revolution transformed India's agricultural practices from "summary" of A History of India by Romila Thapar
The introduction of the Green Revolution in India marked a significant turning point in the country's agricultural practices. This initiative, which began in the 1960s, aimed to increase agricultural productivity and ensure food security for the growing population. One of the key features of the Green Revolution was the introduction of high-yielding varieties of crops such as wheat and rice. These new varieties were more resistant to pests and diseases, and produced higher yields compared to traditional varieties. In addition to new crop varieties, the Green Revolution also promoted the use of modern agricultural techniques such as the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. These practices helped farmers increase their yields and improve the overall productivity of their land. The adoption of modern machinery and equipment further streamlined the farming process, making it more efficient and cost-effective. The impact of the Green Revolution was profound, transforming India's agricultural landscape in a relatively short period of time. The increased productivity and efficiency brought about by the Green Revolution led to a significant increase in food production, helping to alleviate hunger and poverty in many parts of the country. This shift towards modern agricultural practices also helped India become more self-sufficient in food production, reducing the country's reliance on imports. However, the Green Revolution was not without its challenges. The intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides led to concerns about environmental degradation and soil fertility. Additionally, the benefits of the Green Revolution were not equally distributed, with larger landowners and wealthier farmers benefiting more than small-scale farmers. This disparity in access to resources and technology has led to social and economic inequalities in rural areas.- The Green Revolution had a lasting impact on India's agricultural practices, laying the foundation for the country's agricultural development in the decades to come. While it brought about significant improvements in food production and self-sufficiency, it also raised important questions about sustainability, equity, and environmental impact that continue to shape agricultural policies and practices in India today.
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