Rise of militancy in Punjab from "summary" of A Brief History of Modern India by Rajiv Ahir
The rise of militancy in Punjab during the 1980s was a turning point in India's history. The root cause of this movement can be traced back to the demand for a separate Sikh state, known as Khalistan. The issue gained momentum with the rise of the Akali Dal, a Sikh political party advocating for greater autonomy for Punjab. Tensions escalated in the early 1980s when the Indian government launched Operation Blue Star, a military operation aimed at flushing out Sikh militants from the Golden Temple in Amritsar. This move was deeply resented by the Sikh community and led to widespread outrage and protests across Punjab. The assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards in retaliation for Operation Blue Star further inflamed the situation. In the aftermath of her assassination, anti-Sikh riots broke out in Delhi and other parts of the country, resulting in widespread violence and bloodshed. The government's handling of the situation further alienated the Sikh community, pushing many young Sikhs towards militancy. Various militant grou...
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