Distinguishing between ser and estar for proper usage from "summary" of 750 Spanish Verbs and Their Uses by Jan R. Zamir,Edgardo J. Pantigoso,Eduardo Estevanovich
Understanding when to use "ser" and when to use "estar" is essential for proper Spanish usage. These two verbs may both translate to "to be" in English, but they have distinct functions. "Ser" is typically used to indicate permanent characteristics or essential qualities of a person or thing. On the other hand, "estar" is used to express temporary states or conditions that can change. For example, when describing someone's profession or nationality, you would use "ser" because these are considered inherent characteristics. However, when talking about someone's mood or location, you would use "estar" because these are temporary states that can fluctuate. This distinction is crucial for conveying the intended meaning accurately in Spanish. In addition to indicating permanence and temporariness, "ser" is also used for giving the time, expressing possession, and describing the material or origin of something. For instance...
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