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Heraclitus proposed a world in flux from "summary" of To Explain the World by Steven Weinberg

Heraclitus was a Greek philosopher who lived around 500 BC and is known for his radical ideas about the nature of the world. He believed that everything is in a state of constant change, or flux, and that nothing remains the same. This idea was revolutionary at the time, as most people believed in a stable and unchanging world. Heraclitus used the metaphor of a river to illustrate his concept of change. He famously said, "You cannot step into the same river twice," meaning that the river is always flowing and changing, just like the world around us. He believed that change is the only constant in the universe and that everything is constantly in motion. According to Heraclitus, the world is like a fire that is always burning and changing. He believed that fire was the fundamental substance of the universe, and that everything is made up of fire in different forms. This idea was in stark contrast to the prevailing belief at the time that the world was made up of four elements - earth, air, water, and fire - that were unchanging and eternal. Heraclitus's idea of a world in flux has had a lasting impact on philosophy and science. His emphasis on change and motion has influenced later thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle, who built upon his ideas and developed their own theories about the nature of reality. In modern science, the concept of a dynamic and ever-changing universe is a fundamental principle of physics, as seen in the theories of relativity and quantum mechanics.
  1. Heraclitus's proposal of a world in flux was a radical departure from traditional beliefs about the nature of reality. His ideas about change and motion have shaped the way we think about the world around us and have had a lasting influence on philosophy and science.
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To Explain the World

Steven Weinberg

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