The reproductive system ensures continuation of the species from "summary" of NCERT Exemplar Problems-Solutions BIOLOGY class 12th by Arihant Experts
The reproductive system in organisms plays a crucial role in ensuring the continuation of the species. This system is responsible for the production of gametes - the male sperm and female eggs - which are necessary for sexual reproduction. Through the process of fertilization, these gametes unite to form a zygote, which eventually develops into a new individual. In sexually reproducing organisms, the reproductive system also facilitates the transfer of gametes between individuals. This ensures genetic diversity within the population, which is essential for the long-term survival of the species. By combining genetic material from two parents, offspring inherit a unique combination of traits that may provide them with advantages in adapting to changing environments. The reproductive system is highly specialized and consists of various organs and structures that work together to produce and transport gametes. In males, the primary reproductive organs are the testes, which produce sperm, while in females, the ovaries produce eggs. These gametes are then released and transported through the reproductive tract, where fertilization can occur. In addition to producing gametes, the reproductive system also plays a role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics. These characteristics, such as the growth of breasts in females or the deepening of the voice in males, distinguish between the sexes and play a role in attracting potential mates. This further contributes to the continuation of the species by promoting reproductive success.- The reproductive system is essential for the continuation of the species by ensuring the production of gametes, facilitating sexual reproduction, promoting genetic diversity, and developing secondary sexual characteristics. Without a functional reproductive system, the survival of the species would be at risk.
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